Perfil clínico dos clientes idosos submetidos a cirurgias ortopédicas e suas principais complicações pós-operatórias

Abstract

The number of surgical procedures performed in the elderly has become increasingly expressive with the increase in life expectancy of the population. As a consequence, the immediate and late postoperative repercussions due to the physiological changes inherent to the aging process require specific knowledge for the correct clinical judgment of the health professional. Thus, to puide the study, the following questions were established: What is the clinical profile of hospitalized elderly patients submitted to orthopedic surgeries as a result of fractures? What are the main immediate a nd I ate postoperative complications found in these patients? On the basis of these questions, the following objectives were proposed: to identify the clinical profile of the elderly victims of fractures, submitted to orthopedic surgeries and to list the most frequently immediate and late postoperative complications in this group. This is an exploratory study with a quantitative approach. For the data collection, a structured questionnaire was used, applied in medical records of elderly patients admitted to a military hospital in Rio de Janeiro. The results indicate fractures with a more frequent surgical approach infemaes(80%), averageageof79 years and associated comorbidities in 94% of hospitalized patients. Operative complications occurred in 80% (28) of the clients, especially those related to surgical wound, vascular, gastrointestinal and urological alterations. Gerontolopical care in a surgical situation should consider the multidimensionality of care, in order to minimize the impact of hospitalization and thus provide a better quality of life for elderly clients.