MELANOMA ORAL: O QUE O DENTISTA PRECISA SABER?
Barra lateral de artigos
Publicado:
out 29, 2024
Palavras-chave:
Melanoma, Neoplasias, Patologia Bucal, Diagnóstico, Câncer oral
Conteúdo do artigo principal
Resumo
O melanoma oral é uma neoplasia maligna de melanócitos, caracterizada por um comportamento agressivo e prognóstico extremamente reservado. Melanomas na cavidade oral são raros e geralmente são diagnosticados em estágio avançado, reduzindo a sobrevida dos pacientes. O objetivo desta revisão narrativa de literatura é compilar os aspectos essenciais do melanoma oral e demais pigmentações para orientar o diagnóstico precoce pelo cirurgião-dentista. Realizou-se uma pesquisa nas bases de dados Pubmed, Embase, Lilacs e Cochrane. O melanoma oral apresenta-se como uma mácula ou nódulo, de coloração castanha ou preta, podendo demonstrar variações na cor e até mesmo despigmentações. Ele tem predileção pelo palato e pela gengiva maxilar, usualmente é assintomático, e aparenta acometer ligeiramente mais o sexo masculino, especialmente entre a 4ª e 7ª décadas de vida. Apesar de possuir características clínicas similares com o melanoma cutâneo, são consideradas variantes distintas. O cirurgião-dentista deve conhecer as principais características clínicas do melanoma oral e demais pigmentações da cavidade oral a fim de realizar o diagnóstico precoce da neoplasia e conduzir o caso adequadamente.
Detalhes do artigo
Como Citar
MELANOMA ORAL: O QUE O DENTISTA PRECISA SABER?. (2024). Revista Naval De Odontologia, 51(2), 50-56. https://doi.org/10.69909/1983-7550-melanoma-6
Seção
Revisões de Literatura
Como Citar
MELANOMA ORAL: O QUE O DENTISTA PRECISA SABER?. (2024). Revista Naval De Odontologia, 51(2), 50-56. https://doi.org/10.69909/1983-7550-melanoma-6
Referências
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2. Saginala K, Barsouk A, Aluru JS, Rawla P, Barsouk A. Epidemiology of Melanoma. Med Sci (Basel). 2021 Oct 20;9(4):63.
3. Ma Y, Xia R, Ma X, Judson-Torres RL, Zeng H. Mucosal Melanoma: Pathological Evolution, Pathway Dependency and Targeted Therapy. Front Oncol. 2021 Jul 19;11:702287.
4. Thuaire A, Nicot R, Boileau M, Raoul G, Descarpentries C, Mouawad F, et al. Oral mucosal melanoma - A systematic review. J Stomatol Oral Maxillofac Surg. 2022 Oct;123(5):e425-e432.
5. Moltajaei MH, Pourzare Mehrbani S, Motahari P, Rezapour R. Clinicopathological and prognostic value of Ki-67 expression in oral malignant melanoma: A systematic review and meta-analysis. J Dent Res Dent Clin Dent Prospects. 2022 Summer;16(3):140-146.
6. Yamada SI, Hasegawa T, Yamakawa N, Tamura M, Takizawa A, Kakei Y, et al. Oral melanoma: a multicenter study of 69 patients from Japan. Clin Oral Investig. 2022 Oct;26(10):6187-6193.
7. Lambertini M, Patrizi A, Fanti PA, Melotti B, Caliceti U, Magnoni C, et al. Oral melanoma and other pigmentations: when to biopsy? J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol. 2018 Feb;32(2):209-214.
8. Usta SZ, Uchihashi T, Kodama S, Kurioka K, Inubushi T, Shimooka T, et al. Current Status and Molecular Mechanisms of Resistance to Immunotherapy in Oral Malignant Melanoma. Int J Mol Sci. 2023 Dec 8;24(24):17282.
9. López F, Rodrigo JP, Cardesa A, Triantafyllou A, Devaney KO, Mendenhall WM, et al. Update on primary head and neck mucosal melanoma. Head Neck. 2016 Jan;38(1):147-55.
10. Nenclares P, Ap Dafydd D, Bagwan I, Begg D, Kerawala C, King E, et al. Head and neck mucosal melanoma: The United Kingdom national guidelines. Eur J Cancer. 2020 Oct;138:11-18.
11. Siegel RL, Miller KD, Wagle NS, Jemal A. Cancer statistics, 2023. CA Cancer J Clin. 2023 Jan;73(1):17-48.
12. Rodrigues BT, Cunha JL, Albuquerque DM, Chagas WP, Freire ND, Agostini M, et al. Primary melanoma of the oral cavity: A multi-institutional retrospective analysis in Brazil. Med Oral Patol Oral Cir Bucal. 2021 May 1;26(3):e379-e386.
13. Nomura M. Definitive treatment for head and neck mucosal melanoma. Jpn J Clin Oncol. 2023 Dec 7;53(12):1112-1118.
14. Sortino-Rachou AM, Cancela Mde C, Voti L, Curado MP. Primary oral melanoma: population-based incidence. Oral Oncol. 2009 Mar;45(3):254-8.
15. Williams MD. Update from the 4th Edition of the World Health Organization Classification of Head and Neck Tumours: Mucosal Melanomas. Head Neck Pathol. 2017 Mar;11(1):110-117.
16. Abati S, Sandri GF, Finotello L, Polizzi E. Differential Diagnosis of Pigmented Lesions in the Oral Mucosa: A Clinical Based Overview and Narrative Review. Cancers (Basel). 2024 Jul 8;16(13):2487. doi: 10.3390/cancers16132487.
17. Aloua R, Kaouani A, Kerdoud O, Salissou I, Slimani F. Melanoma of the oral cavity: A silent killer. Ann Med Surg (Lond). 2021 Jan 18;62:182-185.
18. Sreeja C, Ramakrishnan K, Vijayalakshmi D, Devi M, Aesha I, Vijayabanu B. Oral pigmentation: A review. J Pharm Bioallied Sci. 2015 Aug;7(Suppl 2):S403-8.
19. Rosebush MS, Briody AN, Cordell KG. Black and Brown: Non-neoplastic Pigmentation of the Oral Mucosa. Head Neck Pathol. 2019 Mar;13(1):47-55.
20. Alawi F. Pigmented lesions of the oral cavity: an update. Dent Clin North Am. 2013 Oct;57(4):699-710.
21. Kauzman A, Pavone M, Blanas N, Bradley G. Pigmented lesions of the oral cavity: review, differential diagnosis, and case presentations. J Can Dent Assoc. 2004 Nov;70(10):682-3.
22. Cheng TW, Ahern MC, Giubellino A. The Spectrum of Spitz Melanocytic Lesions: From Morphologic Diagnosis to Molecular Classification. Front Oncol. 2022 Jun 7;12:889223
23. Zito PM, Brizuela M, Mazzoni T. Oral Melanoma. 2023 Apr 10. In: StatPearls [Internet]. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing; 2024 Jan–. PMID: 30020648.
24. Alaeddini M, Etemad-Moghadam S. Immunohistochemical profile of oral mucosal and head and neck cutaneous melanoma. J Oral Pathol Med. 2015 Mar;44(3):234-8.
25. De Andrade BA, Toral-Rizo VH, León JE, Contreras E, Carlos R, Delgado-Azañero W, et al. Primary oral melanoma: a histopathological and immunohistochemical study of 22 cases of Latin America. Med Oral Patol Oral Cir Bucal. 2012 May 1;17(3):e383-8.
26. Venugopalan S, Makadia R, Parsana M. Oral Malignant Melanoma. Indian J Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2022 Dec;74(Suppl 3):6095-6099.
27. Veronese LA, Marques MEA. Critérios anatomopatológicos para melanoma maligno cutâneo: análise qualitativa de sua eficácia e revisão da literatura. J Bras Patol Med Lab [Internet]. 2004Apr;40(2):99–112.
28. Santeufemia DA, Palmieri G, Miolo G, Colombino M, Doro MG, Frogheri L, et al. Current Trends in Mucosal Melanomas: An Overview. Cancers (Basel). 2023 Feb 21;15(5):1356.
29. Meleti M, Leemans CR, de Bree R, Vescovi P, Sesenna E, van der Waal I. Head and neck mucosal melanoma: experience with 42 patients, with emphasis on the role of postoperative radiotherapy. Head Neck. 2008 Dec;30(12):1543-51.
30. Hasan S, Jamdar SF, Jangra J, Al Beaiji SM. Oral malignant melanoma: An aggressive clinical entity - Report of a rare case with review of literature. J Int Soc Prev Community Dent. 2016 Mar-Apr;6(2):176-81. doi: 10.4103/2231-0762.175145.
31. Patel PB, Wright JM, Kang DR, Cheng YL. Longitudinal clinicopathologic data of the progression of oral mucosal melanoma-report of 2 cases and literature review. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol. 2018 Jul;126(1):e21-e30.
32. Chae YS, Lee JY, Lee JW, Park JY, Kim SM, Lee JH. Survival of oral mucosal melanoma according to treatment, tumour resection margin, and metastases. Br J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 2020 Nov;58(9):1097-1102.
33. Yao JJ, Zhang F, Zhang GS, Deng XW, Zhang WJ, Lawrence WR, et al. Efficacy and safety of primary surgery with postoperative radiotherapy in head and neck mucosal melanoma: a single-arm Phase II study. Cancer Manag Res. 2018 Dec 14;10:6985-6996.
34. Fujisawa Y, Yoshikawa S, Minagawa A, Takenouchi T, Yokota K, Uchi H, et al. Clinical and histopathological characteristics and survival analysis of 4594 Japanese patients with melanoma. Cancer Med. 2019 May;8(5):2146-2156.
35. Iiris S, Sara D, Hanna A, Tuula S, Matti M. Tongue metastasis of malignant melanoma: A case report and a systemic review of the literature. Oral Dis. 2024 Apr;30(3):949-956.
36. Basilicata M, Terrano V, D'Aurelio A, Bruno G, Troiani T, Bollero P, et al. Oral Adverse Events Associated with BRAF and MEK Inhibitors in Melanoma Treatment: A Narrative Literature Review. Healthcare (Basel). 2024 Jan 2;12(1):105.
2. Saginala K, Barsouk A, Aluru JS, Rawla P, Barsouk A. Epidemiology of Melanoma. Med Sci (Basel). 2021 Oct 20;9(4):63.
3. Ma Y, Xia R, Ma X, Judson-Torres RL, Zeng H. Mucosal Melanoma: Pathological Evolution, Pathway Dependency and Targeted Therapy. Front Oncol. 2021 Jul 19;11:702287.
4. Thuaire A, Nicot R, Boileau M, Raoul G, Descarpentries C, Mouawad F, et al. Oral mucosal melanoma - A systematic review. J Stomatol Oral Maxillofac Surg. 2022 Oct;123(5):e425-e432.
5. Moltajaei MH, Pourzare Mehrbani S, Motahari P, Rezapour R. Clinicopathological and prognostic value of Ki-67 expression in oral malignant melanoma: A systematic review and meta-analysis. J Dent Res Dent Clin Dent Prospects. 2022 Summer;16(3):140-146.
6. Yamada SI, Hasegawa T, Yamakawa N, Tamura M, Takizawa A, Kakei Y, et al. Oral melanoma: a multicenter study of 69 patients from Japan. Clin Oral Investig. 2022 Oct;26(10):6187-6193.
7. Lambertini M, Patrizi A, Fanti PA, Melotti B, Caliceti U, Magnoni C, et al. Oral melanoma and other pigmentations: when to biopsy? J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol. 2018 Feb;32(2):209-214.
8. Usta SZ, Uchihashi T, Kodama S, Kurioka K, Inubushi T, Shimooka T, et al. Current Status and Molecular Mechanisms of Resistance to Immunotherapy in Oral Malignant Melanoma. Int J Mol Sci. 2023 Dec 8;24(24):17282.
9. López F, Rodrigo JP, Cardesa A, Triantafyllou A, Devaney KO, Mendenhall WM, et al. Update on primary head and neck mucosal melanoma. Head Neck. 2016 Jan;38(1):147-55.
10. Nenclares P, Ap Dafydd D, Bagwan I, Begg D, Kerawala C, King E, et al. Head and neck mucosal melanoma: The United Kingdom national guidelines. Eur J Cancer. 2020 Oct;138:11-18.
11. Siegel RL, Miller KD, Wagle NS, Jemal A. Cancer statistics, 2023. CA Cancer J Clin. 2023 Jan;73(1):17-48.
12. Rodrigues BT, Cunha JL, Albuquerque DM, Chagas WP, Freire ND, Agostini M, et al. Primary melanoma of the oral cavity: A multi-institutional retrospective analysis in Brazil. Med Oral Patol Oral Cir Bucal. 2021 May 1;26(3):e379-e386.
13. Nomura M. Definitive treatment for head and neck mucosal melanoma. Jpn J Clin Oncol. 2023 Dec 7;53(12):1112-1118.
14. Sortino-Rachou AM, Cancela Mde C, Voti L, Curado MP. Primary oral melanoma: population-based incidence. Oral Oncol. 2009 Mar;45(3):254-8.
15. Williams MD. Update from the 4th Edition of the World Health Organization Classification of Head and Neck Tumours: Mucosal Melanomas. Head Neck Pathol. 2017 Mar;11(1):110-117.
16. Abati S, Sandri GF, Finotello L, Polizzi E. Differential Diagnosis of Pigmented Lesions in the Oral Mucosa: A Clinical Based Overview and Narrative Review. Cancers (Basel). 2024 Jul 8;16(13):2487. doi: 10.3390/cancers16132487.
17. Aloua R, Kaouani A, Kerdoud O, Salissou I, Slimani F. Melanoma of the oral cavity: A silent killer. Ann Med Surg (Lond). 2021 Jan 18;62:182-185.
18. Sreeja C, Ramakrishnan K, Vijayalakshmi D, Devi M, Aesha I, Vijayabanu B. Oral pigmentation: A review. J Pharm Bioallied Sci. 2015 Aug;7(Suppl 2):S403-8.
19. Rosebush MS, Briody AN, Cordell KG. Black and Brown: Non-neoplastic Pigmentation of the Oral Mucosa. Head Neck Pathol. 2019 Mar;13(1):47-55.
20. Alawi F. Pigmented lesions of the oral cavity: an update. Dent Clin North Am. 2013 Oct;57(4):699-710.
21. Kauzman A, Pavone M, Blanas N, Bradley G. Pigmented lesions of the oral cavity: review, differential diagnosis, and case presentations. J Can Dent Assoc. 2004 Nov;70(10):682-3.
22. Cheng TW, Ahern MC, Giubellino A. The Spectrum of Spitz Melanocytic Lesions: From Morphologic Diagnosis to Molecular Classification. Front Oncol. 2022 Jun 7;12:889223
23. Zito PM, Brizuela M, Mazzoni T. Oral Melanoma. 2023 Apr 10. In: StatPearls [Internet]. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing; 2024 Jan–. PMID: 30020648.
24. Alaeddini M, Etemad-Moghadam S. Immunohistochemical profile of oral mucosal and head and neck cutaneous melanoma. J Oral Pathol Med. 2015 Mar;44(3):234-8.
25. De Andrade BA, Toral-Rizo VH, León JE, Contreras E, Carlos R, Delgado-Azañero W, et al. Primary oral melanoma: a histopathological and immunohistochemical study of 22 cases of Latin America. Med Oral Patol Oral Cir Bucal. 2012 May 1;17(3):e383-8.
26. Venugopalan S, Makadia R, Parsana M. Oral Malignant Melanoma. Indian J Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2022 Dec;74(Suppl 3):6095-6099.
27. Veronese LA, Marques MEA. Critérios anatomopatológicos para melanoma maligno cutâneo: análise qualitativa de sua eficácia e revisão da literatura. J Bras Patol Med Lab [Internet]. 2004Apr;40(2):99–112.
28. Santeufemia DA, Palmieri G, Miolo G, Colombino M, Doro MG, Frogheri L, et al. Current Trends in Mucosal Melanomas: An Overview. Cancers (Basel). 2023 Feb 21;15(5):1356.
29. Meleti M, Leemans CR, de Bree R, Vescovi P, Sesenna E, van der Waal I. Head and neck mucosal melanoma: experience with 42 patients, with emphasis on the role of postoperative radiotherapy. Head Neck. 2008 Dec;30(12):1543-51.
30. Hasan S, Jamdar SF, Jangra J, Al Beaiji SM. Oral malignant melanoma: An aggressive clinical entity - Report of a rare case with review of literature. J Int Soc Prev Community Dent. 2016 Mar-Apr;6(2):176-81. doi: 10.4103/2231-0762.175145.
31. Patel PB, Wright JM, Kang DR, Cheng YL. Longitudinal clinicopathologic data of the progression of oral mucosal melanoma-report of 2 cases and literature review. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol. 2018 Jul;126(1):e21-e30.
32. Chae YS, Lee JY, Lee JW, Park JY, Kim SM, Lee JH. Survival of oral mucosal melanoma according to treatment, tumour resection margin, and metastases. Br J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 2020 Nov;58(9):1097-1102.
33. Yao JJ, Zhang F, Zhang GS, Deng XW, Zhang WJ, Lawrence WR, et al. Efficacy and safety of primary surgery with postoperative radiotherapy in head and neck mucosal melanoma: a single-arm Phase II study. Cancer Manag Res. 2018 Dec 14;10:6985-6996.
34. Fujisawa Y, Yoshikawa S, Minagawa A, Takenouchi T, Yokota K, Uchi H, et al. Clinical and histopathological characteristics and survival analysis of 4594 Japanese patients with melanoma. Cancer Med. 2019 May;8(5):2146-2156.
35. Iiris S, Sara D, Hanna A, Tuula S, Matti M. Tongue metastasis of malignant melanoma: A case report and a systemic review of the literature. Oral Dis. 2024 Apr;30(3):949-956.
36. Basilicata M, Terrano V, D'Aurelio A, Bruno G, Troiani T, Bollero P, et al. Oral Adverse Events Associated with BRAF and MEK Inhibitors in Melanoma Treatment: A Narrative Literature Review. Healthcare (Basel). 2024 Jan 2;12(1):105.