FATORES QUE INFLUENCIAM INSUCESSOS NO USO DE MINI-IMPLANTES: UMA REVISÃO DE LITERATURA
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Resumo
Os dispositivos de ancoragem temporária ou mini-implantes adquirem cada vez mais relevância no manejo clínico dos tratamentos ortodônticos. Entretanto, apesar dos resultados clínicos expressivos obtidos, algumas intercorrências podem acometer a ancoragem no decorrer do tratamento. Os insucessos podem estar associados a fatores relacionados ao profissional, ao paciente ou ao próprio parafuso. Outrossim, existem fatores que podem contribuir para o sucesso clínico na utilização destes dispositivos, como a seleção apropriada do comprimento do mini-implante, a escolha de áreas adequadas para inserção do dispositivo, além de conhecimentos acerca da densidade óssea, de forma a contribuir para a estabilidade primária, a prática de bons hábitos de higiene bucal ou ainda a utilização de dispositivos autoperfurantes. Assim, o presente estudo propôs-se a revisar a literatura científica disponível acerca de mini-implantes com artigos científicos selecionados utilizando as bases de dados PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, Embase, BVS, Opengrey, Google Scholar e Catálogo de teses e dissertações. Após aplicados os critérios de seleção, 32 artigos foram selecionados para compor este trabalho. Conclui-se que a utilização dos mini-implantes mantém o controle ideal da ancoragem, de modo a evitar movimentações dentárias indesejáveis, sendo inegável o sucesso clínico dos dispositivos de ancoragem temporária na Ortodontia. Entretanto, é comprovado que complicações cuja etiologia pode variar entre profissional, paciente ou o próprio parafuso são capazes de acometer a ancoragem no decorrer do tratamento ortodôntico, de modo a implicar falhas e insucesso dos miniparafusos.
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